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| Mushroom poisoning: mechanisms of toxicity and therapy |
| Xing Qian, Lu Xiao-ye, Qiao Yun, Huang Yuan， Zhu Chang-qing |
| Department of Emergency, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, China |
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Abstract Mushroom poisoning has long been recognized as a human health hazard worldwide. Amatoxins are the main toxins and the most poisonous parts of poisonous mushroom, which are responsible for the high mortality in mushroom poisoning cases. It is recognized that α-amanitin inhibits RNA polymerase Ⅱ, leading to protein deficit and cell death, although other mechanisms are thought to be involved. Therapy for mushroom poisoning includes supportive measures, toxins removal, drug therapy and ultimately liver transplantation if clinical condition worsens. The discovery of effective antidotes is still remained to be unsolved, which needs further experiments and researches.
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Received: 12 November 2016
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