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Abstract Objective To explore the effect of early enteral nutrition on immune function and prognosis of critically ill patients. Methods From Nov. 2014 to Dec. 2015，a total of 68 critically ill pa⁃ tients in EICU of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University were analyzed. Patients were divided into enteral nutrition group（EEN group，n＝34）and control group（PN + EN group，n＝34） randomly. The EEN group were given enteral nutrition support within 24 to 48 hours after EICU admis⁃ sion; PN + EN group were given conventional nutritional support（Parenteral for 5 days then enteral se⁃ quential therapy）. The serum Immunoglobulin G（IGG），Immunoglobulin A（IGA），Immunoglobulin M （IGM），complement C3，complement C4，CD4 count，CD8 count，tumor necrosis factor（TNF-α）and cortisol levels were analyzed in EEN group（0 day and the 7th day）and PN + EN group（0 day and 7thday）respectively. The day of EICU stay and mortality of 7，14 and 28 days were also compared whithin two groups. Results In EEN group，the 0 day of IGG，IGA，IGM，complement C3，complement C4，CD4 counts，CD8 counts were less than normal average level（P≤0.05）; nevertheless TNF-α and cortisol levels were higher than normal average level（P≤0.05）; the 7th day of IGG，IGA，IGM，comple⁃ ment C3，complement C4，CD4 counts，CD8 counts were higher than the 0 day（P≤0.05）; TNF-α levels and cortisol levels were less than the 0 day（P≤0.05）. Compared with the PN + EN group，7th day of EEN group IGG，IGA，IGM，complement C3，complement C4，CD4 counts，CD8 counts were higher（P≤ 0.05）; TNF-α and cortisol levels were less than the PN + EN group（P≤0.05）. The day of EEN group EICU stay was shorter（P＝0.000）. The 7，14，28-days mortality of EEN group was less than the PN + EN group，however，no statistically significant（P＝0.303，0.393，0.720）were found. Conclusion The immunosuppression condition in critical illness appears early. Early enteral nutrition is more effective in improving early immune status of critically ill patients and reducing the days in EICU. It is benefit for clinical critically ill patients，but there is no sufficient evidence to prove that it can reduce mortality in critically ill patients.
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Received: 10 May 2016
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Corresponding Authors:
Zhang Hong，E-mail: zhanghong20070703@163.com
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Address: 1 North 2nd Street,
Zhongguancun, 
